We have outlined a DC Converter circuit below designed to produce an output voltage twice the value of the input voltage. In our setup, the input terminal receives 12 volts, and the output terminal yields approximately 24 volts. This circuit primarily relies on a widely recognized integrated circuit known as the CD4049, which functions as a hex inverter. The construction of this circuit can be achieved with the use of a single IC along with a handful of additional components.
The CD4049 comprises six inverter gates encapsulated within a single package, as depicted in the diagram above. In this IC, Pin 3 serves as the input, while Pin 2 functions as the output for the first gate. Similarly, Pin 5 serves as an input, and Pin 4 serves as an output for the second gate, and this pattern continues for the remaining gates. Pin 1 is designated for the supply voltage, while Pin 8 is the ground connection. However, Pins 13 and 16 remain unused. The IC operates within a voltage range of 3V to 15V, and applying a voltage exceeding 15V will lead to IC malfunction. Therefore, the input voltage should be maintained within the range of 3 to 15 volts.
Circuit Diagram of 12V to 24V DC Converter:
Circuit Components:
- IC
- CD4049 – 1
- Resistor
- R1(6.8K) – 1
- C1(.1uF) – 1
- C2,C3(470uF) – 2
- D1,D2(1N4148) – 2
- RELAY – 1
Description:
In this voltage-doubling circuit, we employ the CD4049 IC, which consists of six NOT gates. All six gates are utilized in this circuit. Before delving into the circuit’s operation, it is essential to acquaint oneself with the truth table of the NOT gate, as outlined below:
In a NOT gate, supplying a logic low (i.e., 0) at the input terminal results in a logic high (i.e., 1) at the output terminal. Conversely, providing a logic high (i.e., 1) at the input terminal yields a logic low (i.e., 0) at the output terminal.
As previously mentioned, the CD4049 IC encompasses six inverter gates within a single package. In this IC, Pin 3 serves as the input, and the first gate employs Pin 2 as the output. Pin 5 is designated as an input, while Pin 4 functions as the output terminal for the second gate, and this pattern continues for the remaining gates. Pin 1 should be connected to the power source, while Pin 8 should be linked to the ground.
Upon correctly assembling the circuit and powering it up, all six gates of the NOT gate are utilized. Initially, we establish an oscillator using Pins 3 and 4, along with capacitor C1 and resistor R1. The oscillation frequency is determined by the values of R1 and C1. The remaining gates are connected in parallel to serve as buffers. All input pins (3, 5, 11, and 14) are interconnected and connected to the oscillator as a frequency source. Similarly, all output pins (2, 4, 12, and 15) are linked together and connected to the voltage boosting circuit.
The voltage multiplier circuit is constructed using capacitors and resistors to produce a higher output voltage compared to the input voltage. In this circuit, we employ the commonly used half-wave series multiplier.
To create the voltage doubler circuit, you need two diodes, two capacitors, and an oscillating voltage source. As depicted in the circuit diagram, diode D1 operates in the forward bias state, charging capacitor C2 until it reaches the peak value of the input voltage supply. At this point, it effectively acts as a battery in series with the power supply. Concurrently, diode D2 begins conducting, and capacitor C3 starts charging. Therefore, the voltage obtained at C3 is the summation of the voltage supply and the voltage across capacitor C2. This circuit offers the advantage of producing a higher output value.
As a result, at the output terminal of diode D2, you can drive a 24V relay using a 12V power supply.
