Biometrics represents an emerging field of identification technology that involves the automatic recognition of individuals based on biological traits such as fingerprints, iris scans, and facial features. This article introduces a fingerprint-based attendance system as an innovative solution to address the challenges associated with attendance tracking in educational institutions and workplaces, which often involve significant paperwork and time consumption. This technology is commonly referred to as a Biometric Attendance System. Previously, we demonstrated how to create an RFID-based attendance system using an AVR Microcontroller. In this article, we will provide step-by-step instructions for building a biometric attendance system circuit using an AVR microcontroller.
Outline
- Biometric Attendance System Circuit Principle:
- Biometric Attendance System Circuit Diagram:
- Biometric Attendance System Circuit Design:
- Working of Fingerprint Based Attendance System Circuit:
- Biometric Attendance System Circuit Applications:
- Limitations of the Circuit:
Biometric Attendance System Circuit Principle:
This circuit’s main goal is to take attendance and display it when it is asked.
Biometrics represents an emerging field of identification technology that involves the automatic recognition of individuals based on biological traits such as fingerprints, iris scans, and facial features. This article introduces a fingerprint-based attendance system as an innovative solution to address the challenges associated with attendance tracking in educational institutions and workplaces, which often involve significant paperwork and time consumption. This technology is commonly referred to as a Biometric Attendance System. Previously, we demonstrated how to create an RFID-based attendance system using an AVR Microcontroller. In this article, we will provide step-by-step instructions for building a biometric attendance system circuit using an AVR microcontroller.
Biometric Attendance System Circuit Diagram:
Circuit Diagram of Biometric Attendance System
Circuit Components:
- AVR microcontroller development board.
- Fingerprint module R305.
- Keypad (4*3).
- Atmega8 microcontroller
- RS232 Serial cable.
- DC Battery or Adaptor (12V, 1Amp).
- 16*2 Alpha Numeric LCD.
- Single pi connecting wires.
Biometric Attendance System Circuit Design:
In this project, we employed an ATmega8 microcontroller from the AVR family. This microcontroller features an 8-bit resolution and boasts 23 programmable input and output pins. With an 8-KB flash memory, 512-byte EEPROM, and 1-KB SRAM, it offers robust processing capabilities.
The core component of our biometric system is the R305 series fingerprint module, which interfaces seamlessly with the USART communication protocol. Our microcontroller communicates with this module via USART, or Universal Synchronous and Asynchronous Receiver and Transmitter. The module incorporates four pins: Transmit, Receive, Vin, and GND. To facilitate communication, we connect the microcontroller’s transmit pin to the module’s receive pin and vice versa. Additionally, we supply 5V voltage to Vin and ensure GND is properly grounded, enabling serial data transmission and reception.
The fingerprint processing comprises two key steps: finger enrollment and finger matching. During enrollment, the user must present their fingerprint to the module twice. The module scrutinizes these two images, creating and storing a template image for future matching. In the subsequent finger matching step, input fingerprints are compared in a 1:1 ratio with the saved template image, producing an acknowledgment. For 1: N matching, input fingerprints are compared with library images, yielding a matching image and generating a page ID for the matched image.
Our project incorporates a 4*3 keypad with four rows and three columns. We link the microcontroller’s PORT D pins to the keypad’s columns, using PD5 to PD7 for the three columns. For the rows of the keypad, we connect them to PORT C, utilizing PC0 through PC3. To facilitate attendance taking, enrollment, and data clearing, we assign keypad keys: press 1 for attendance, 2 for enrollment, and 3 for data clearance.
The textual information is displayed using a liquid crystal display (LCD), which is connected to PORTB of the microcontroller. Our setup employs a 4-bit LCD configuration, where PB0-PB3 pins correspond to D4-D7 pins on the LCD. Furthermore, the RS pin connects to PB4, the RW pin to PB5, and the Enable pin to PB6, ensuring seamless data display on the LCD screen.
Working of Fingerprint Based Attendance System Circuit:
- Power the AVR development board.
- Burn the code into the microcontroller using serial cable.
- While burning the code make sure that slide switch is in programming mode.
- After the code has been burned, turn off the power and detach the serial cable.
- Now connect the circuit as shown in the diagram.
- LCD will display “Biometric Attendance System”.
7.After a while, the message “1.Attendance, 2.Save, 3.Clear” will appear.
8..Now, on the keypad, hit 1. If you place your finger on the module, it will take your attendance. It will indicate the same if your finger is not matched.
9..Press 2 on the keyboard if you want to preserve your roll number. It will prompt you to enter the roll number and place your finger on the screen. Your information is successfully saved, and a message is displayed.
10.To re-enroll, hit 1 on the keypad, then 2 to quit.
11.To clear the data, press 3 on the keypad and then input the password.
Biometric Attendance System Circuit Applications:
- This is something that can be used in educational settings.
- In industries, a biometric attendance system can be employed.
- Biometrics can be used to authenticate ATM users.
- Access control can make use of fingerprint authentication.
Limitations of the Circuit:
- By placing a phoney finger print, there is a potential of misusing the device.
- Modules are delicate and should be handled with care.
