IR Remote Control Switch

This budget-friendly and straightforward circuit allows us to control household devices using an IR remote control. The project comprises two key components: one in the transmitting section and the other in the receiving section. The receiving section remains stationary and connects to the desired device, serving as the control point, while the transmitter functions like a typical remote control.

Outline

• Block Diagram of Infrared IR Remote Control Switch:
• Circuit Diagram of Infrared IR Remote Control Switch:
  • Circuit Explanation:
  • Applications of Infrared IR Remote Control Switch:

Block Diagram of Infrared Remote Control Switch:

Block Diagram Explanation:

• This remote control switch’s primary role is to control any load (TV, Radio, Stereo, Fan, Light, etc.). We use one switch to operate the transmitter in this circuit, and we can use it to turn on or off the TV, motor, radio, or any other home equipment.
• By adding more circuitry to the actual circuit, we can adjust the volume of TVs, radios, and other devices. We have a NE555 timer configured in astable mode in the transmitter part, as well as infrared LEDs whose infrared rays are directed by the concave lens and powered by a 9V battery.
• In the transmitter circuit, the switch performs a crucial role. When the switch is closed, the NE555 timer, which acts as an astable multivibrator, is powered by the battery. The infrared LEDs connected to the NE555’s output will heat up and emit an infrared beam via the concave lens.
• When the photo LEDs in the receiver portion receive the infrared beam from the transmitter, they charge the capacitor, which increases the input voltage of one pin of the operational amplifier, resulting in a high output. This high output is fed into the 4018 Counter, which then drives the load through a relay to turn on or off.

Infrared Remote Control Switch Circuit Components:

The CA3130 is a BiCMOS operational amplifier known for its exceptionally high input impedance, extremely low input current, and impressive speed. It operates within a supply voltage range of 5V to 16V and offers output swing capabilities. Additionally, it can handle maximum voltage differences of up to 8V between its two inputs. This versatile amplifier finds common applications in single-supply amplifiers, timers, monostable multivibrators, voltage followers, detectors, peak detectors, and various other scenarios.

One noteworthy application is its use as a sensor amplifier for photodiodes, which is the role it plays in our circuit.

It’s worth noting that the clock input frequency also varies with different supply voltages. When supplied with 5V (VDD), it generates a frequency of approximately 3MHz. Counters utilizing this amplifier can serve diverse functions such as frequency division, counter control, programmable decade counting, and even in minicomputers, among other applications.

Circuit Diagram of Infrared Remote Control Switch:

Circuit Explanation:

• There are three photodiodes in the receiver portion that detect infrared signals from the receiver and produce leakage current to the capacitor C1. This current is fed into the inverting input of the 3130 IC, which is activated by it and produces an amplified output. The remaining pins are all linked to the ground.
• R2 and C2 are utilised to prevent the IC from being triggered by undesired signals. C3 is utilised as a comparator amplifier with a high gain.

• The output of the IC3130 is connected to Johnson counter 4018 pin 14 CLK. By applying sequential clock pulses, the output of the 4018 IC will go high.

• The R4 resistor is used to prevent the transistor from being loaded. When the output of the 4018 is high, the transistor will turn on and drive the relay to run at 12V. The relay will be protected against reverse current by the diode D4.
• The linked appliance will be turned on or off by the relay. The LED will serve as a visual indicator as well as a stopper for the counter’s reverse voltage.
• The 555 timer is set to astable mode in the transmitter section, and the resistors R5, R6, and capacitor C6 are adjusted to give a 5Khz operating frequency.

• When the switch is turned on, the capacitor C6 is charged, and when it is turned off, it is discharged via R6 and the 555 timer internal transistors. When the 555 timer is turned on, output pin 3 goes high, triggering the transistor SK100.
• The R7 resistor is used to prevent the transistor from loading. When the transistor is turned on, the infrared diodes attached to it emit a high-intensity invisible infrared beam that should be directed at the receiver’s photo diodes.

Note:

1. Operating voltage can be between 6V to 15V.
2. Relay voltage rating should be equal to the main power supply.
3. Heat sink can be attached to the transistor SK100 for compensating the heat dissipation.
4. Concave lens is used for producing the strong rays of high intensity.
5. The disadvantage in the circuit is switching time between the transmitter and receiver (if we produce the signal from transmitter, again we have to produce the signal after 5 to 6 seconds). Rapid switching like regular remote cannot be done.

Applications of Infrared Remote Control Switch:

• This circuit can be used for switch ON or OFF the TV, radio, washing machine and any electronic appliances.
• By using the relative relays, we can even switch ON or switch OFF the motor appliances also.