Power Supplies

OVERCURRENT PROTECTION SCHEMATIC CIRCUIT DIAGRAM

Another desirable feature of regulated voltage supplies is overcurrent protection. When overcurrent is drawn from the output of a regulated current source, or when there is a short circuit, an overcurrent protection circuit is added so that the regulator circuit and the power supply are not damaged. Such a circuit is given in Figure-1.8. In this circuit, transistors R6 and Q4 are added in addition to the circuit in figure 1.7.

Other parts of the cycle are the same. These new members give us two options.

1. The output current IL is limited to a predetermined current value.
2. If the output current IL exceeds a predetermined value, the output voltage is reduced to zero.

The operation of the buck is briefly as follows: The IL current from the output is passed through the RAK resistor and Q3 transistor. This current IL causes a voltage drop across the RAK resistance. The value of this voltage determines the IL current and RAK value. When the voltage on RAK reaches the base-emitter voltage of Q4 transistor, Q4 conducts and Q3 limits the base voltage of the transistor. Thus the current remains at a constant value and is calculated as follows.

OVERCURRENT PROTECTION SCHEMATIC CIRCUIT DIAGRAM 1

So we can set the current limit by setting the resistor R6 to the desired value. Other electronic circuit elements can be used to protect overcurrent and short circuit. (Such as SCR, Opamp, Flip-flop) depends on the choice of this user.

So we can set the current limit by setting the resistor R6 to the desired value. Other electronic circuit elements can be used to protect overcurrent and short circuit. (Such as SCR, Opamp, Flip-flop) depends on the choice of this user.

A transistor is a miniature semiconductor that regulates or controls current or voltage flow in addition to amplifying and generating these electrical signals and acting as a switch/gate for them. Typically, transistors consist of three layers, or terminals, of semiconductor material, each of which can carry a current.
A transistor can act as a switch or gate for electronic signals, opening and closing an electronic gate many times per second. It ensures the circuit is on if the current is flowing and switched off if it isn’t. Transistors are used in complex switching circuits that comprise all modern telecommunications systems.
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