This circuit was designed as a warning flasher to alert road users to dangerous situations in the dark. Alternatively, it can act as a bicycle light (subject to traffic regulations and legis... Read more
At the heart of this circuit is a precision integrated temperature sensor type LM35 (IC1), which provides an accurately linear and directly proportional output in mV, over the zero to +155 d... Read more
A long time ago when telephones were so simple almost nothing could go amiss from an electrical point of view, Telecom operators installed surge protection on all telephone lines exposed to... Read more
We haven’t yet experienced this first-hand, but it seems to occur more often than when some websites are visited they switch the Internet connection over to a premium rate dial-up number. Th... Read more
The first circuit in Figure 1 shows a particularly simple LED flasher for AC power operation with six channels. All six LEDs flash entirely at random (not synchronized), producing a totally... Read more
Vehicle immobilizers are fitted as standard to modern cars and heavy goods vehicles. Antitheft mechanisms have become more sophisticated but so have the methods employed by crooks. Nowadays... Read more
If you like the emergence of visual patterns, be it natural or man-made, one you’re bound to be impressed by is the ‘synchronization’ of hundreds or thousands of fireflies. First, they flash... Read more
The big fear of every developer of a microcontroller or computer-driven control system is that the computer or controller could crash while it is in the middle of controlling something and t... Read more
When a lithium-ion battery is discharged below the minimum recommended cell voltage its life expectancy is dramatically reduced. The circuit described here can avoid this by disconnecting th... Read more
One of the most frequent uses of n-channel MOSFET’s is as a voltage controlled switch. To ensure that the MOSFET delivers the full supply voltage to the load it is necessary for the gate vol... Read more
