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Variegating LED Schematic Circuit Diagram

Color Transition Based on Control Voltage

Variegating LED: When the input voltage to the circuit varies between 0 V and +12 V. The bi-color LED undergoes a gradual color transition, starting from green and progressing through orange and yellow, eventually turning red. The bi-color LED, comprising separate red and green sections, is controlled independently. The green section is driven by IC1a through R7, while the red section is controlled by IC1b through R8. IC1b amplifies the signal by a factor of x2, allowing the red LED to illuminate at input voltages around 0.5 V. This section reaches maximum brightness when Uin > Ub/2.

Individual Operation of LED Sections

IC1a functions as an inverting amplifier with a gain of x2, and its non-inverting input is set to a level of Ub/2. When the input voltage is less than Ub/2, IC1a’s output remains high. As the input exceeds Ub/2, the green LED section gradually dims until it completely extinguishes when Uin equals Ub. It is essential to ensure that the supply voltage does not surpass 30 V. If the voltage exceeds 12 V, the values of resistors R7 and R8 must be adjusted accordingly. The circuit’s current consumption is primarily determined by the LED, approximately 35 mA with a 34-mA LED type and a 12 V supply voltage.

Variegating LED Schematic Circuit Diagram 1

Introduction to Operational Amplifiers

Operational amplifiers (op amps) are essential analog circuit components designed to accept a differential voltage input and generate a single-ended voltage output. Typically, op amps feature three terminals: two inputs with high impedance and a low-impedance output port.

Versatility in Amplification Circuits

Op amps are fundamental components in various circuit configurations, serving as voltage amplifiers. They are broadly categorized into noninverting and inverting amplifiers. Noninverting amplifiers, commonly known as voltage followers or buffers, are frequently employed. Additionally, op amps find applications in differential amplifiers, integrator circuits, and more. The 741 op amp, for instance, introduced by Fairchild Semiconductors in 1963, is denoted by its 7 functional pins, including 4 input pins and 1 output pin.

Diverse Power Supply Configurations

Op amps come in two types: those designed for single power supplies and those for dual power supplies. In single-supply op amps, VCC is positive concerning GND. Conversely, in dual-supply op amps, VCC is positive, and VEE is negative concerning GND, allowing for a wider range of circuit applications.

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